Transistor Switch Simulator

TRANSISTOR SWITCH SIMULATOR

Interactive NPN Transistor Switching Circuit • Lab Module v2.4

System Status

Control Signal

LOW

Transistor State OFF

Load Status INACTIVE

Power Flow 0 mA

Base Current (I_B) 0.00 mA

0 mA 0.5 mA 1.0 mA

Collector Current (I_C) 0.0 mA

Emitter Current (I_E) 0.0 mA

Current Gain (β) ~100

Operating Region CUTOFF

NO CURRENT

CUTOFF: When I_B < 0.3mA, the transistor blocks collector current. Load remains inactive.

ACTIVE: As base current increases, collector current rises proportionally (I_C = β × I_B).

SATURATION: Maximum current flow achieved. Transistor acts as closed switch.

• Collector Path — Main power circuit

• Base Path — Control signal input

• Emitter Path — Common return path

• Ground — Reference potential